CLASSIFICATION OF SPORTS INJURIES IN THE THREE WEAPONS (FOIL, SABRE, ÉPÉE) ACCORDING TO THE MECHANISM OF OCCURRENCE DURING IRAQI LEAGUE COMPETITIONS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.61841/zh8vk323Keywords:
Classification, sports, injuries.Abstract
The purpose of the present research was to categorize sports injuries among fencing players of the Iraqi league (that play with all three weapons; foil, sabre and épée) by their mechanism of occurrence. The issue is that the number of injuries endangering the careers of the players and the absence of local research proposing the connection between the type of weapon and kinetic mechanisms leading to the injury. This affects the effectiveness of preventative and rehabilitation measures in different sports clubs adversely. The methodology employed by the researcher was descriptive approach and survey based. The sample size in the study was 120 players in the premier league clubs in the 2025-2026 season and 80 players incurred actual sports injuries were picked through purposive selection. The data collected were done with a high level of attention using a special questionnaire, personal interviews, and records of the records of the Iraqi Fencing Federation. The findings indicated that the most frequent source of injuries was the épée weapon with the highest percentage of 46.43 since the epée is a valid target area anywhere on the body. Most of the injuries (53.57) fell under the lower extremities (knee and ankle). Lunge was the most frequent cause of injury, 40.18 percent, and it is especially common to épée and foil fencing. Sabre injuries were also related to quick retreats in order to turn around. The most prevalent were muscle tears and strains, as 42.86% of the cases were represented by them. Moreover, cumulative fatigue, as well as deteriorated neuromuscular coordination, had caused 58.04% of all injuries during finals of competitions. The findings of the study concluded that injuries come about due to a complex interaction of the severity of the performance, cumulative stress as well as the nature of the weapon. The researcher suggested the creation of the physical conditioning programs with the emphasis on the depth-sensing exercises, strengthening of the knee and ankle ligaments, and proper lunge technique to evenly spread the physical load. The recommendations also encouraged the Iraqi Fencing Federation to restructure its competition time in order to have sufficient time to rest and create a comprehensive and detailed medical record of the history and mechanism of injuries of each athlete in order to develop a special rehabilitation program of each weapon.
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